The odds are small though: as of 2009 the odds are estimate at 1 in 250,000, but that estimate will continue to be refined. It won't hit however there is a slight chance that this close pass will shift its orbit exactly the right amount to cause it to hit Earth on a second pass in 2036. In 2029 it will pass very close to the Earth: within the orbits of our communication satellites. What about Apophis?Īpophis is an asteroid about 270 meters across (almost three football fields). Check out our risk game and see how those odds compare to other risks. Why? Because while the odds of an impact are small, the number of people who would be killed is so high that the risk (impact odds times the number killed) isn't negligible. Meteors are glowing fragments of rock matter from outside the Earths atmosphere that burn. But the risk of you dying in an asteroid impact might be higher than you think. A Meteoroid is a meteorite before it hits the surface of the Earth. The odds of a major asteroid impact are very small. That leads to the abrupt change in climate that wipes out species. To lead to a global catastrophe, an asteroid or comet only has to be big enough to launch large amounts of dust in to the atmosphere. That's large compared to the rocks in your backyard, but tiny compared to Earth (check out the image on the right to see just how small it would be). The "dino killer" is estimated to have been between 5 and 15 kilometers across (3 to 10 miles). But in reality it could be very, very small compared to Earth. People tend to think that an "extinction level" asteroid or comet would look like the picture at the top of the page. Assuming, of course, that they don't find one that really is going to hit. By the time the current survey is completed the estimated odds of dying in an asteroid impact will have decreased by a factor of 10, from 1 in 70,000 to 1 in 700,000. Each time astronomers identify an asteroid that isn't on a collision course with Earth, the calculated odds of an impact go down a little bit. The Spaceguard Survey is an attempt to locate and track as many near-Earth objects (NEOs) as possible. By comparison, school bus-sized asteroids may hit every thousand years or so, medium sized (say 300 meter) asteroids might be once every 50,000 years, and extinction level events only every billion years. So while Earth is constantly being "hit" - accumulating over 100 tons of matter ever day - most of this is in the form of dust or tiny sand-grain sized meteors that appear as shooting stars. There are a lot more small rocks than big ones. Heavy bombardments may have continued until as recently as 4 billion years ago, making it difficult for life to get a foothold at all (the "Late Heavy Bombardment"). The planets formed from collisions of smaller objects, and even our water may have come largely from comets. ![]() The Earth has been getting hit by asteroids and comets for its whole life. What are the odds? That was then, this is now
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